Smoking during pregnancy factor in childhood behavioural disorders

Smoking during pregnancy factor in childhood behavioural disorders


New University of Otago, Christchurch, research has identified common factors in the far-reaching childhood behavioural conditions, conduct disorder (CD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), including maternal smoking during pregnancy and exposure to family violence.
Data for the study was drawn from the long-running Christchurch Health and Development Study and results

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